How can we say that our prophet is superior to all other prophet?

And is he also superior than gibrail , mikail and other angels?

Any arguments for this from Quran?

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We have narrations that Prophet Muhammad (s) is the greatest creation of Allah. So yes he is higher in rank than all prophets and all angels.

There is no explicit verse that state that. That comes from hadith. However, 5:48 indicates the Qur’an is superior to previous scriptures, and hence the Prophet (s) who carries this superior book is superior to all other messengers.