1) It’s not a straightforward process and not the way you perceive it.
If someone is insolent to their parents they are insolent to God. How do you interpret someone getting their rights from someone as selfish and sour? If you have harmed people then the day of judgement is where all scores get settled. Rather than worry about that then, worry about it now and fix it so you won’t lose your good actions and procure their bad actions.
2) A believer is forgiving in nature, parents generally will forgive you in their life time. You can’t claim something in the next world if you have forgiven in this world. So I don’t think that your parents will turn brutal in the hereafter.
As for disagreements, this is a natural part of life. An insolent child is one who is bad in nature to their parents.